| Introduction and Objectives
The purpose of this handbook is to provide guidance to humanitarian practitioners and policymakers on identifying and measuring possible humanitarian consequences of sanctions.
The information provided is relevant to a number of different types of sanctions, including: arms embargoes, financial sanctions, travelrelated sanctions and targeted trade sanctions. The methods presented are applicable to United Nations (UN)–imposed sanctions and to those imposed unilaterally or by regional actors. more........
Where international political confrontations or armed conflicts are accompanied by multilateral sanctions, little may be known about the condition of people’s lives. Good assessments are needed to evaluate humanitarian conditions, to identify whether and how sanctions cause harm, to improve the quality of people’s lives by anticipating potential negative consequences, and to get maximum humanitarian benefit from available resources. A reliable assessment methodology will help address these needs. more.......
Since the late 1990s, three international initiatives have been undertaken to develop and hone political approaches to the targeting of sanctions, with the goal of increasing their effectiveness.
The first of these, the Interlaken Process, was initiated by the Swiss Government in 1998 and focused on targeted financial sanctions. Consultations during the Process identified the role of humanitarian exemptions in designing targeted financial sanctions and mentioned briefly the role of humanitarian impact monitoring. more......
The primary objective of this handbook is to present a clear and flexible methodology, which can be used by practitioners to assess potential humanitarian impacts in advance of, during, or following sanctions. In order to fulfil that objective, this handbook aims to: more.......
The following three chapters of this handbook describe the main elements of the assessment methodology: chapter 2 outlines the conceptual framework used to guide development of the methodology; chapter 3 provides an overview of the causal modelling approach; and chapter 4 expounds upon the role of humanitarian indicators and data sources in sanctions assessments. more.....
The methodology outlined in this handbook is based on a causal modelling approach. It employs structured models of cause and effect to trace the processes that lead from an action (the application of sanctions) to outcomes (for example, changes in humanitarian conditions) across economic and social sectors. The models also specify indicators of PROCESS to identify intermediate steps through which sanctions may affect humanitarian conditions. more.......
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